A. Lý tngày tiết đề xuất nắm
I. KHÁI NIỆM
1. Câu trần thuật là câu thuật lại lời nói thẳng. Bạn đang xem: Bài tập câu trực tiếp gián tiếp
+ Lời nói trực tiếp (direct speech): là diễn đạt lại đúng đúng chuẩn điều ai đó đã nói (còn gọi là trích dẫn). Hình thức của câu khẩu ca thẳng sẽ tiến hành đặt trong lốt noặc kép.
Ví dụ: She said ” He is so handsome”. Theo kia, câu "He is so handsome" là khẩu ca trực tiếp tuyệt câu trực tiếp
+ Lời nói gián tiếp – câu tường thuật (indirect speech): Là tường thuật lại lời vẫn nói của một fan không giống dưới dạng loại gián tiếp, ko sử dụng lốt ngoặc knghiền.
Ví dụ: Lylys said, ”I want to lớn go home” -> Lylys said she wanted to lớn go home page là câu gián tiếp (indirect speech)
Khi chúng ta áp dụng câu con gián tiếp, chúng ta thường xuyên nói tới vượt khứ, bởi vì vậy dạng tự của động tự trong câu cũng khá được phân tách sinh sống vượt khứ đọng.
2. Các nhiều loại câu trần thuật thông dụng vào giờ Anh
2.1. Câu tường thuật sống dạng câu kể
S + say(s)/said + (that) + S + V |
+ says/say lớn + O -> tells/tell + O
+ said to lớn + O ->told+O
Eg: He said to lớn me”I haven’t finished my work” -> He told me he hadn’t finished his work.
2.2. Câu tường thuật sinh hoạt dạng câu hỏi
a. Yes/No questions:
S+asked/wanted to lớn know/wondered+if/wether+S+V |
Ex: ”Are you angry?”he asked -> He asked if/whether I was angry.
b. Wh-questions:
S + asked(+O)/wanted to know/wondered + Wh-words + S + V. |
* says/say to + O -> asks/ask + O
* said to + O -> asked + O.
Ex: ”What are you talking about?”said the teacher. -> The teacher asked us what we were talking about.
II. CÁCH CHUYỂN CÂU TRỰC TIẾPhường SANG CÂU GIÁN TIẾP
lúc đưa xuất phát điểm từ 1 khẩu ca thẳng thanh lịch con gián tiếp khá đơn giản dễ dàng, chúng ta chỉ cần ghép văn bản tường thuật sinh sống phía sau lời nói và hạ đụng từ của chính nó xuống một cấp thừa khứ đọng, đại tự được chuyển đổi đến tương xứng. Tuy nhiên, bắt buộc lưu ý một số sự việc sau:
+ Nếu đụng từ bỏ trần thuật (reporting verb) phân tách sinh hoạt những thì hiện nay bọn họ không thay đổi thì (tense) của rượu cồn trường đoản cú chủ yếu, đại tự chỉ định với các trạng tự chỉ nơi chốn cũng giống như trạng trường đoản cú chỉ thời hạn vào câu trực tiếp Khi đưa quý phái gián tiếp.Ví dụ:- He says: “I’m going to Ha Noi next week.”
⇒ He says he is going to Ha Noi next week.
+ Nếu đụng từ trần thuật (reporting verb) của câu sống thì vượt khứ thì yêu cầu lùi hễ tự thiết yếu về vượt khđọng một bậc khi chuyển từ bỏ khẩu ca trực tiếp (direct speech) lịch sự khẩu ca con gián tiếp (indirect / reported speech) theo luật lệ sau:
* Biến đổi thì của rượu cồn tự với động từ kmáu thiếu hụt theo bảng sau:
Câu trực tiếp | Câu con gián tiếp |
| Present simple | Past simple |
| Present continuous | Past continuous |
| Present perfect | Past perfect |
| Past simple | Past perfect |
| Present perfect continuous | Past perfect continuous |
| Past continuous | Past perfect continuous |
| will | would |
| can | could |
| must/ have to | had to |
| may | might |
* Biến thay đổi đại từ với những trường đoản cú hạn định theo bảng sau:
Câu trực tiếp | Câu loại gián tiếp | |
| Chủ ngữ | I | he/ she |
| You | I/ We/ They | |
| We | We/ They | |
| Tân ngữ | me | him/ her |
| you | me/ us/ them | |
| us | us/ them | |
| Đại tự ssinh sống hữu | my | his/ her |
| your | my/ our/ their | |
| our | our/ their | |
| Đại trường đoản cú ssống hữu | mine | his/ hers |
| yours | mine/ ours/ theirs | |
| ours | ours/ theirs | |
| Đại từ bỏ chỉ định | this | the/ that |
| these | the/ those |
* Biến thay đổi trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian với nơi chốn theo bảng sau:
Câu trực tiếp | Câu loại gián tiếp |
| here | there |
| now | then/ at that moment |
| today/ tonight | that day/ that night |
| tomorrow | the next day |
| next week | the following week |
| yesterday | the previous daythe day before |
| last week | the week before |
| ago | before |
NOTE: Lúc chuyển động từ chúng ta chỉ cần lưu giữ mang đụng từ bỏ ngay sát chủ ngữ tốt nhất giảm sút 1 cột tức là:
+ Động tự ở cột 1 thì giảm đi cột 2, ( nhớ thêm ed lúc không phải là đông trường đoản cú bất quy tắc)
+ Động tự cột 2 thì giảm thành cột 3
+ Động trường đoản cú cột 3 thêm had phía trước
Tuy nhiên, buộc phải chăm chú một số ngôi trường đúng theo sau đây ko sút thì đụng từ:
+ Nói về chân lý, sự thật.
+ Thì vượt khđọng dứt.
+ Trong câu bao gồm năm xác định.
Các câu tất cả kết cấu sau: if only, as if, as though, wish, would rather, it’s high time, IF nhiều loại 2, 3 .
B. Bài tập
I. Hoàn thành những câu vào bài câu trần thuật.
1. "Where is my umbrella?" she asked.
She asked............................................. ......................
2. "How are you?" Martin asked us.
Martin asked us................................................ ...................
3. He asked, "Do I have sầu to vị it?"
He asked............................................. ......................
4. "Where have sầu you been?" the mother asked her daughter.
The mother asked her daughter.......................................... .........................
5. "Which dress vày you like best?" she asked her boyfrikết thúc.
She asked her boyfriover......................................... ..........................
6. "What are they doing?" she asked.
She wanted to lớn know.............................................. .....................
7. "Are you going to the cinema?" he asked me.
He wanted lớn know.............................................. .....................
8. The teacher asked, "Who speaks English?"
The teacher wanted khổng lồ know.............................................. .....................
9. "How vì you know that?" she asked me.
She asked me................................................ ...................
10. "Has Caron talked lớn Kevin?" my friover asked me.
My frikết thúc asked me................................................ ...................
Đáp án
1. She asked where her umbrella was.
2. Martin asked us how we were.
3. He asked if he had khổng lồ vì chưng it.
4. The mother asked her daughter where she had been.
5. She asked her boyfriover which dress he liked best.
6. She wanted to know what they were doing.
7. He wanted khổng lồ know if I was going lớn the cinema.
8. The teacher wanted lớn know who spoke English.
9. She asked me how I knew that.
10. My friover asked me if Caron had talked lớn Kevin.
II. Viết lại các câu sau thực hiện giải pháp nói con gián tiếp.
1. “Open the door,” he said to them.
- He told them...................................................................
2. “Where are you going?” he asked her.
- He asked her where.........................................................
3. “Which way did they go?” he asked.
- He asked... ......................................................................
4. “Bring it baông xã if it doesn’t fit”, I said lớn her.
- I told... ............................................................................
5. “Don’t try to lớn open it now,” she said lớn us.
- She told... ........................................................................
6. “Is it going khổng lồ be a fine day today?” I asked her.
- I asked her... ....................................................................
7. “He’s not at home”, she said.
- She said that... .................................................................
8. “Is the bus station far away?” the girl asked.
- The girl wanted to lớn know... ..............................................
9. “Don’t stay out late, Ann” Tom said.
- Tom told Ann... ...............................................................
10. “Please let me borrow your oto,” he said to her.
- He asked... ........................................................................
11. “Jean, have sầu you seen my gloves?” Thomas asked.
- Thomas asked Jean.....
12. Don’t leave the window open, Mary”, I said.
- I told Mary.... ...................................................................
13. “I’ll have a cup of tea with you,” she said.
She said that...
14. “I’ll pay him if I can” she said.
- She said that... ...................................................................
15. “What are you going to vì chưng next summer?” she asked.
- She asked us.... ...................................................................
16. “I’ll phone you tomorrow,” he told Jaông chồng.
- He told Jaông chồng that.... .............................................................
17. “Can I sit beside you, Jean?” Tom asked.
- Tom asked Jean.... ..............................................................
18. “I want a camera for my birthday,” he said.
- He said that.... ...................................................................
19. “Don’t keep the door locked,” he said lớn us.
- He told us.... ...................................................................
đôi mươi. “How long are you going to stay?” I asked hyên.
- I asked hlặng how long....
21. “Are you going by train?” she asked me.
- She wanted to know.... ..................................................
22. “Don’t use too much hot water,” she said khổng lồ us.
- She asked us.... ..............................................................
23. “Will you come khổng lồ my party?” she said lớn me.
- She invited me.... ............................................................
24. “Don’t bởi vì it again,” she said to them.
She told them..................................................................
25. “ Did Mr Brown skết thúc the potatoes to you?” she asked.
- She asked.......................................................................
26. “Don’t get your shoes dirty, boys,” she said.
- She told..........................................................................
27. “What vị you want for lunch today, Peter?” Mary asked.
- Mary asked.......................................................................
28. “Can I borrow your typewriter, Janet?” asked Peter.
- Peter asked if .......................................................................
29. “Why didn’t I get a computer before?” thought the office manager.
- The office manager wondered............................................................
30. “You had better not lend him any more money, Elizabeth,’’ said John.
- John advised Elizabeth........................................................................
31. “You stole my best cassette, Amanda!” said John.
- John accused.......................................................................................
32. “ You damaged my bicycle, John!” said Mary.
- Mary accused......................................................................................
33. “When was your little boy born?” said the nurse lớn Mrs. Bingley.
- The nurse asked Mrs. Bingley...............................................................
34. “You should take more exercise, Mr. Robert,” the doctor said.
- The doctor advised................................................................................
35. “Will I find a job?”, Tim said to lớn himself.
- Tyên wondered.......................................................................................
36. “I’m sorry I gave sầu you the wrong number,” said Paul to Susan.
- Paul apologized.....................................................................................
37. “When is the first day of your holiday, Peter?” Martha asked.
- Martha asked Peter when.....................................................................
38. “Can I have a new bicycle?” said Anmãng cầu to her mother.
- Anmãng cầu asked............................................................................................
Xem thêm: Had Better Là Gì - Cấu Trúc Had Better Trong Tiếng Anh
39.. “Don’t leave sầu the house until I get baông chồng, William”, his mother said.
- William’s mother told..........................................................................
40. “Don’t bite your nails,” said Mrs. Rogers lớn her son.
- Mrs. Rogers told....... .............................................................................
41. “I’ve sầu seen the film three times, Mary” said George.
- George said............................................................................................
42. “I’m sorry, Angela,” said Martin, “I’m afraid I’ve damaged your oto.
- Martin apologized..................................................................................
43. “Have sầu you had enough for lunch?” the landlady asked us.
- The landlady asked................................................................................
44. “ John, please don’t tell anyone my new address,” said Mary.
- Mary asked............................................................................................
45. “Breakfast will not be served after 9. 30” said the notice.
- The notice said that..............................................................................
46. “Where is the best place to buy souvenirs?”
- I asked..................................................................................................
47. “Don’t forget to bring your passport with you tomorrow”
- She reminded me ................................................................................
48. “Do not write on the wall,” said the teacher lớn the boys.
- The teacher told the boys………………………………………..........
49. “How many jobs have you had since 2000?” the interviewer asked Mr. Simpson.
- The interviewer asked ...........................................................................
50. “Why didn’t you report the incident khổng lồ the police?” the officer asked the frightened witness.
- The officer wanted to lớn know...................................................................
Đáp án
1. He told them to lớn open the door.
2. He asked her where she was going.
3. He asked me which way they had gone.
4. I told her to lớn bring it baông xã if it didn’t fit.
5. She told us not lớn try to open it then.
6. I asked her whether/ if it was going lớn be a fine day that day.
7. She said that he was not at trang chính.
8. The girl wanted khổng lồ know whether/ if the bus station was far away.
9. Tom told Ann not khổng lồ stay out late.
10. He asked her to lớn let hlặng borrow her oto.
11. Thomas asked Jean whether/if she had seen his gloves.
12. I told Mary not to leave the window open.
13. She said that she would have sầu a cup of tea with me.
14. She said that she would pay hyên ổn if she could.
15. She asked us what we were going khổng lồ do the following summer.
16. He told Jaông chồng that he would phone hyên the following day.
17. Tom asked Jean whether/if he could sit beside her.
18. He said that he wanted a camera for his birthday.
19. He told us not lớn keep the door locked.
trăng tròn. I asked hyên ổn how long he was going to lớn stay.
21. She wanted to know whether I was going by train.
22. She asked us not lớn use too much hot water.
23. She invited me to lớn come khổng lồ her buổi tiệc ngọt.
24. She told them not to vị it again.
25. She asked whether/ if Mr. Brown sent the potatoes to lớn me.
26. She told the boys not to get their shoes dirty.
27. Mary asked what Peter wanted for lunch that day.
28. Peter asked Janet whether/ if he could borrow her typewriter.
29. The office manager wondered why he hadn’t got a computer before.
30. John advised Elizabeth not to lớn lend him any more money.
31. John accused Amandomain authority of stealing his best cassette.
32. Mary accused John of damaging her bicycle.
33. The nurse asked Mrs. Bingley where her little boy had been born.
34. The doctor advised Mr. Robert khổng lồ take more exercise.
35. Tyên wondered whether/ if he would find a job.
36. Paul apologized to lớn Susan for giving her the wrong number.
37. Martha asked Peter when the first day of his holiday was.
38. Anna asked her mother whether/ if she could have a new bicycle.
39. William’s mother told him not lớn leave the house until she got back.
40. Mrs. Rogers told her son not lớn bite his nails.
41. George said to lớn Mary that he had seen the film three times.
42. Martin apologized lớn Angela for having damaged her oto.
43. The landlady asked us whether/if we had had enough for lunch.
44. Mary asked John not lớn tell anyone her new address.
45. The notice said that breakfast would not be served after 9.30.
46. I asked where the best place to lớn buy souvenirs was.
47. She reminded me to bring my passport with me the following day.
48. The teacher told the boys not lớn write on the wall.
49. The interviewer asked Mr. Simpson how many jobs he had had since 2000.
50. The officer wanted lớn know why the frightened witness hadn’t reported the incident to lớn the police.
III. Hoàn thành những câu trong bài xích câu tường thuật. Chụ ý sự đổi khác của đại từ và các thì.
1. "What"s the time?" he asked.
→ He wanted khổng lồ know .................................................. .
2. "When will we meet again?" she asked me.
→ She asked me .................................................. .
3. "Are you crazy?" she asked hyên ổn.
→ She asked hlặng .................................................. .
4. "Where did they live?" he asked.
→ He wanted to lớn know .................................................. .
5. "Will you be at the party?" he asked her.
→ He asked her .................................................. .
6. "Can you meet me at the station?" she asked me.
→ She asked me .................................................. .
7. "Who knows the answer?" the teacher asked.
→ The teacher wanted to know .................................................. .
8. "Why don"t you help me?" she asked hlặng.
→ She wanted to lớn know .................................................. .
9. "Did you see that car?" he asked me.
→ He asked me .................................................. .
10. "Have you tidied up your room?" the mother asked the twins.
→ The mother asked the twins .................................................. .
Đáp án
1. He wanted to know what the time was.
2. She asked me when we would meet again.
3. She asked hyên if he was crazy.
4. He wanted khổng lồ know where they had lived.
5. He asked her if she would be at the party.
6. She asked me if I could meet her at the station.
7. The teacher wanted to know who knew the answer.
8. She wanted khổng lồ know why he didn"t help her.
9. He asked me if I had seen that oto.
10. The mother asked the twins if they had tidied up their room.
IV. các bài luyện tập câu tường thuật requets (positive)
1. "Stop talking, Joe," the teacher said.
→ The teacher told Joe .................................................. .
2. "Be patient," she said khổng lồ hyên ổn.
→ She told hyên ổn .................................................. .
3. "Go lớn your room," her father said lớn her.
→ Her father told her .................................................. .
4. "Hurry up," she said khổng lồ us.
→ She told us .................................................. .
5. "Give sầu me the key," he told her.
→ He asked her .................................................. .
6. "Play it again, Sam," she said.
→ She asked Sam .................................................. .
7. "Sit down, Caron" he said.
→ He asked Caron .................................................. .
8. "Fill in the size, Sir," the receptionist said.
→ The receptionist asked the guest .................................................. .
